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Fabien Betremieux

United States of America

Policy Development Support Director (GAC)

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Profile image for Stephanie Moench

Stephanie Moench

United States of America

Sr. Manager, Global Support

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Profile image for Terri Agnew

Terri Agnew

United States of America

Policy Operations Specialist (GNSO)

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Mike Brennan

United States of America

Senior Program Manager

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Samiran Gupta

India

VP, Government and IGO Engagement, APAC and Stakeholder Engagement, South Asia

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Profile image for Laena Rahim

Laena Rahim

Singapore

Associate General Counsel, APAC

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Cyrus Jamnejad

United States of America

GDD Accounts Manager

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Profile image for Liz Chai

Liz Chai

Singapore

Regional Accounting Assistant Manager

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Profile image for Adam Peake

Adam Peake

Netherlands

Civil Society Engagement Sr. Manager

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Profile image for Rodrigo Saucedo Linares

Rodrigo Saucedo Linares

Plurinational State of Bolivia

Stakeholder Engagement Director, Andean Region and LAC Strategic Initiatives

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Kathy Schnitt

United States of America

Policy Operations Specialist (SSAC)

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Pablo Alvarez

United States of America

Infrastructure Architect

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Julio Polito

Uruguay

Senior Graphic Designer

Staff
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Peg Rettino

United States of America

Project Specialist & Executive Assistant

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Profile image for Becky Nash

Becky Nash

United States of America

VP, Planning

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Profile image for Shawn Seah

Shawn Seah

Singapore

Global Support Analyst III

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Profile image for Edman Perez

Edman Perez

United States of America

IT Business Analytics and Intranet Services Sr. Manager

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Adiel Akplogan

Canada

VP, Technical Engagement

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Profile image for Eduardo Alvarez

Eduardo Alvarez

United States of America

Director, Technical Services Operations

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Profile image for Alain Durand

Alain Durand

France

Distinguished Technologist

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Butch Pfremmer

United States of America

Sr. Localization Program Manager

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Gulten Tepe Oksuzoglu

Türkiye, Republic of

Policy Operations Analyst (GAC)

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Profile image for Tammy Yeow

Tammy Yeow

Singapore

Manager, Global Support

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Profile image for Desiree Cabrera

Desiree Cabrera

United States of America

Executive Assistant

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Jinzaemon Kimoto

United States of America

Contractual Compliance Senior Specialist

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Profile image for Paul Hoffman

Paul Hoffman

United States of America

Distinguished Technologist

Staff
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Roy Arends

United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland

Principal Research Scientist

Staff
Profile image for Delina Watson

Delina Watson

United States of America

Sr. Project Coordinator

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Profile image for Lauren Israel

Lauren Israel

United States of America

Operations Associate Manager

Staff
Profile image for Moises Cirilo

Moises Cirilo

United States of America

Lead Infrastructure Engineer

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Brian Aitchison

United States of America

Research Manager

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Kimberly Carlson

United States of America

Policy Operations Specialist (ccNSO)

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Seda Akbulut

Türkiye, Republic of

Universal Acceptance (UA) Program Manager

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Profile image for Luna Madi

Luna Madi

Türkiye, Republic of

Sr. Director, EMEA Communications

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Profile image for Brenda Brewer

Brenda Brewer

United States of America

Policy Operations Coordinator

Staff
Profile image for Aisha Herrell

Aisha Herrell

United States of America

Global Support Analyst III

Staff
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Aline Menezes

United States of America

Sr. Lead Infrastructure Engineer

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Profile image for Alex Hutson

Alex Hutson

United States of America

Senior Program Manager

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Profile image for Maryam Bakoshi

Maryam Bakoshi

United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland

Project Manager II

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Profile image for Amanda Rose

Amanda Rose

United States of America

Contractual Compliance Lead

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Profile image for Andrew McConachie

Andrew McConachie

Netherlands

Policy Development and Technology Director

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Profile image for Joke Braeken

Joke Braeken

Germany

Policy Development Support Senior Manager (ccNSO)

Staff
Profile image for Mukesh Chulani

Mukesh Chulani

Türkiye, Republic of

GDD Programs Director

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Profile image for Jeanne Gregg

Jeanne Gregg

United States of America

Sr. Director, Service Delivery, Support & Vendor Management

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Profile image for Neeraj Sood

Neeraj Sood

United States of America

Lead Product Manager

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Profile image for Victor Figueroa Vazquez

Victor Figueroa Vazquez

United States of America

Technical Services Sr. Manager

Staff
Profile image for Sam Zhou

Sam Zhou

United States of America

Technical Lead, Software Engineering

Staff
Profile image for Casandra Furey

Casandra Furey

United States of America

Associate General Counsel

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Domain Name System
Internationalized Domain Name ,IDN,"IDNs are domain names that include characters used in the local representation of languages that are not written with the twenty-six letters of the basic Latin alphabet ""a-z"". An IDN can contain Latin letters with diacritical marks, as required by many European languages, or may consist of characters from non-Latin scripts such as Arabic or Chinese. Many languages also use other types of digits than the European ""0-9"". The basic Latin alphabet together with the European-Arabic digits are, for the purpose of domain names, termed ""ASCII characters"" (ASCII = American Standard Code for Information Interchange). These are also included in the broader range of ""Unicode characters"" that provides the basis for IDNs. The ""hostname rule"" requires that all domain names of the type under consideration here are stored in the DNS using only the ASCII characters listed above, with the one further addition of the hyphen ""-"". The Unicode form of an IDN therefore requires special encoding before it is entered into the DNS. The following terminology is used when distinguishing between these forms: A domain name consists of a series of ""labels"" (separated by ""dots""). The ASCII form of an IDN label is termed an ""A-label"". All operations defined in the DNS protocol use A-labels exclusively. The Unicode form, which a user expects to be displayed, is termed a ""U-label"". The difference may be illustrated with the Hindi word for ""test"" — परीका — appearing here as a U-label would (in the Devanagari script). A special form of ""ASCII compatible encoding"" (abbreviated ACE) is applied to this to produce the corresponding A-label: xn--11b5bs1di. A domain name that only includes ASCII letters, digits, and hyphens is termed an ""LDH label"". Although the definitions of A-labels and LDH-labels overlap, a name consisting exclusively of LDH labels, such as""icann.org"" is not an IDN."