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Profile image for Francisco Arias

Francisco Arias

United States of America

VP, GDS Technical Services

Profile image for Yaovi Atohoun

Yaovi Atohoun

Benin

Stakeholder Engagement & Operations Director - Africa

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Connor Barthold

United States of America

Lead Information Security Engineer

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Fahd Batayneh

Jordan

Stakeholder Engagement Director- Middle East

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Josh Baulch

United States of America

Director, Stakeholder Participation and Engagement

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Andrea Beccalli

Portugal

Stakeholder Engagement Senior Director- Europe

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Amy Bivins

United States of America

Sr. Counsel

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Michelle Bright

United States of America

Board Content Coordination Director

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Dongmei Cao

United States of America

Sr Technical Lead- Software Engineering

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Gwen Carlson

United States of America

Sr. Director, GDD Communications

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Tony Carpenter

United States of America

Administrative Assistant

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Michael Cashin

United States of America

Sr. Manager, End User Support

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Leticia Castillo-Sojo

United States of America

Sr. Director, Contractual Compliance

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Joe Catapano

United States of America

Stakeholder Engagement Director - North America & Global Academia

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Steve Chan

United States of America

VP, Policy Development Support & GNSO Relations

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Dennis Chang

United States of America

GDD Programs Director

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Julia Charvolen

France

Policy Operations Manager (GAC)

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Carlos Chavoya

United States of America

Manager, Service Delivery

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Chhun Chy

United States of America

Sr Product Manager 1

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Steve Conte

United States of America

Sr Director, IROS Operations

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Sally Costerton

United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland

Sr. Advisor to President & SVP, Global Stakeholder Engagement and Interim President & CEO

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John Crain

United States of America

SVP & Chief Technology Officer

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Mia Crampton

United States of America

Internal Communications Director

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Melanie Brennan

United States of America

Events Senior Manager

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Pierre Dandjinou

Benin

VP, Stakeholder Engagement - Africa

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Albert Daniels

Saint Lucia

Stakeholder Engagement Sr. Manager - Caribbean

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Alexandra Dans

Uruguay

Communications Director, the Americas

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Kim Davies

United States of America

VP, IANA Services & President, PTI

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Joseph Antony De Jesus

United States of America

Sr. Manager, Travel Support

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Rodrigo De La Parra

Mexico

VP, Stakeholder Engagement & Managing Director - Latin America & Caribbean

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Jonathan Denison

United States of America

Sr. Director, Contractual Compliance

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Jessie Doherty

United States of America

Senior Language Expert - Head Interpreter

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Kyle Dunst

United States of America

Director, Relationship & Delivery Management

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Harel Efraim

Israel

Principal Software Architect

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Sam Eisner

United States of America

Deputy General Counsel

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Teresa Elias

United States of America

Director, Governance Operations Support

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Deborah Escalera

United States of America

Next Generation Program Manager

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Baher Esmat

Türkiye, Republic of

VP, Stakeholder Engagement - Middle East & Managing Director MEA

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Eric Evrard

Belgium

EUS Services Manager

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Daniel Fink

Brazil

Stakeholder Engagement Director - Brazil

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Sean Freeark

United States of America

Regional Security Director - North America, Latin America, and Caribbean

Profile image for Morgan Govaars

Morgan Govaars

United States of America

Manager, Service Delivery

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Peter Gregoris

United States of America

Sr. Manager, Vendor Management

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Gisella Gruber

United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland

Manager, Policy Development & Operations Support (At-Large)

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Steve Gwon

United States of America

Paralegal Services Manager

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Julie Hedlund

United States of America

Policy Development Support Director (GNSO)

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Jamie Hedlund

United States of America

SVP, Contractual Compliance & U.S. Government Engagement

Profile image for Stacy Hoffberg Berman

Stacy Hoffberg Berman

United States of America

Sr. Manager Events - Los Angeles

Domain Name System
Internationalized Domain Name ,IDN,"IDNs are domain names that include characters used in the local representation of languages that are not written with the twenty-six letters of the basic Latin alphabet ""a-z"". An IDN can contain Latin letters with diacritical marks, as required by many European languages, or may consist of characters from non-Latin scripts such as Arabic or Chinese. Many languages also use other types of digits than the European ""0-9"". The basic Latin alphabet together with the European-Arabic digits are, for the purpose of domain names, termed ""ASCII characters"" (ASCII = American Standard Code for Information Interchange). These are also included in the broader range of ""Unicode characters"" that provides the basis for IDNs. The ""hostname rule"" requires that all domain names of the type under consideration here are stored in the DNS using only the ASCII characters listed above, with the one further addition of the hyphen ""-"". The Unicode form of an IDN therefore requires special encoding before it is entered into the DNS. The following terminology is used when distinguishing between these forms: A domain name consists of a series of ""labels"" (separated by ""dots""). The ASCII form of an IDN label is termed an ""A-label"". All operations defined in the DNS protocol use A-labels exclusively. The Unicode form, which a user expects to be displayed, is termed a ""U-label"". The difference may be illustrated with the Hindi word for ""test"" — परीका — appearing here as a U-label would (in the Devanagari script). A special form of ""ASCII compatible encoding"" (abbreviated ACE) is applied to this to produce the corresponding A-label: xn--11b5bs1di. A domain name that only includes ASCII letters, digits, and hyphens is termed an ""LDH label"". Although the definitions of A-labels and LDH-labels overlap, a name consisting exclusively of LDH labels, such as""icann.org"" is not an IDN."