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Profile image for Julio Polito

Julio Polito

Uruguay

Senior Graphic Designer

Staff
Profile image for Becky Nash

Becky Nash

United States of America

VP, Planning

Staff
Profile image for Shawn Seah

Shawn Seah

Singapore

Global Support Analyst III

Staff
Profile image for Edman Perez

Edman Perez

United States of America

IT Business Analytics and Intranet Services Sr. Manager

Staff
Profile image for Eduardo Alvarez

Eduardo Alvarez

United States of America

Director, Technical Services Operations

Staff
Profile image for Alain Durand

Alain Durand

France

Distinguished Technologist

Staff
Profile image for Butch Pfremmer

Butch Pfremmer

United States of America

Sr. Localization Program Manager

Staff
Profile image for Tammy Yeow

Tammy Yeow

Singapore

Manager, Global Support

Staff
Profile image for Desiree Cabrera

Desiree Cabrera

United States of America

Executive Assistant

Staff
Profile image for Jinzaemon Kimoto

Jinzaemon Kimoto

United States of America

Contractual Compliance Senior Specialist

Staff
Profile image for Paul Hoffman

Paul Hoffman

United States of America

Distinguished Technologist

Staff
Profile image for Kathy Schnitt

Kathy Schnitt

United States of America

Policy Operations Specialist (SSAC)

Staff
Profile image for Pablo Alvarez

Pablo Alvarez

United States of America

Infrastructure Architect

CommunityStaff
Profile image for Jia-Juh Kimoto

Jia-Juh Kimoto

United States of America

Project Manager I

Staff
Profile image for Marc Salvatierra

Marc Salvatierra

United States of America

Sr. Product Manager 2

Staff
Profile image for Natalie Schoer

Natalie Schoer

United States of America

Creative Services Manager

Staff
Profile image for Rob Hoggarth

Rob Hoggarth

United States of America

VP, Policy Development & GAC Relations

Staff
Profile image for Laura Bengford

Laura Bengford

United States of America

Director, Relationship & Delivery Management

Staff
Profile image for Carlos Reyes

Carlos Reyes

United States of America

Sr. Policy Director, Community Operations and Programs

Staff
Profile image for David Olive

David Olive

United States of America

SVP, Policy Development Support & Managing Director - Washington, D.C.

Staff
Profile image for Bart Boswinkel

Bart Boswinkel

Netherlands

VP, Policy Development & ccNSO Relations

Staff
Profile image for Josh Jenkins

Josh Jenkins

United States of America

Sr. Infrastructure Engineer 2 - Network

Staff
Profile image for Christina Rodriguez

Christina Rodriguez

United States of America

Sr. Director, Language Services

Staff
Profile image for Eleeza Agopian

Eleeza Agopian

United States of America

Vice President, Strategic Initiatives

Staff
Profile image for Yan Agranonik

Yan Agranonik

United States of America

Sr. Manager, Contractual Compliance Risk & Audit

Staff
Profile image for Sawsan Aldawodi

Sawsan Aldawodi

United States of America

Senior Language Expert - Head Interpreter

Staff
Profile image for Steve Allison

Steve Allison

United States of America

Director, Relationship & Delivery Management

Staff
Profile image for Carlos Alvarez

Carlos Alvarez

United States of America

Trust and Public Safety Engagement Director

Staff
Profile image for Francisco Arias

Francisco Arias

United States of America

VP, GDS Technical Services

Staff
Profile image for Yaovi Atohoun

Yaovi Atohoun

Benin

Stakeholder Engagement & Operations Director - Africa

Staff
Profile image for Connor Barthold

Connor Barthold

United States of America

Lead Information Security Engineer

Staff
Profile image for Fahd Batayneh

Fahd Batayneh

Jordan

Stakeholder Engagement Director- Middle East

Staff
Profile image for Josh Baulch

Josh Baulch

United States of America

Director, Stakeholder Participation and Engagement

Staff
Profile image for Andrea Beccalli

Andrea Beccalli

Portugal

Stakeholder Engagement Senior Director- Europe

Staff
Profile image for Amy Bivins

Amy Bivins

United States of America

Sr. Counsel

Staff
Profile image for Tony Carpenter

Tony Carpenter

United States of America

Administrative Assistant

Staff
Profile image for Michael Cashin

Michael Cashin

United States of America

Sr. Manager, End User Support

Staff
Profile image for Leticia Castillo-Sojo

Leticia Castillo-Sojo

United States of America

Sr. Director, Contractual Compliance

Staff
Profile image for Joe Catapano

Joe Catapano

United States of America

Stakeholder Engagement Director - North America & Global Academia

Staff
Profile image for Steve Chan

Steve Chan

United States of America

VP, Policy Development Support & GNSO Relations

Staff
Profile image for Dennis Chang

Dennis Chang

United States of America

GDD Programs Director

Staff
Profile image for Julia Charvolen

Julia Charvolen

France

Policy Operations Manager (GAC)

Staff
Profile image for Carlos Chavoya

Carlos Chavoya

United States of America

Manager, Service Delivery

Staff
Profile image for Chhun Chy

Chhun Chy

United States of America

Sr Product Manager 1

Staff
Profile image for Steve Conte

Steve Conte

United States of America

Sr Director, IROS Operations

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Domain Name System
Internationalized Domain Name ,IDN,"IDNs are domain names that include characters used in the local representation of languages that are not written with the twenty-six letters of the basic Latin alphabet ""a-z"". An IDN can contain Latin letters with diacritical marks, as required by many European languages, or may consist of characters from non-Latin scripts such as Arabic or Chinese. Many languages also use other types of digits than the European ""0-9"". The basic Latin alphabet together with the European-Arabic digits are, for the purpose of domain names, termed ""ASCII characters"" (ASCII = American Standard Code for Information Interchange). These are also included in the broader range of ""Unicode characters"" that provides the basis for IDNs. The ""hostname rule"" requires that all domain names of the type under consideration here are stored in the DNS using only the ASCII characters listed above, with the one further addition of the hyphen ""-"". The Unicode form of an IDN therefore requires special encoding before it is entered into the DNS. The following terminology is used when distinguishing between these forms: A domain name consists of a series of ""labels"" (separated by ""dots""). The ASCII form of an IDN label is termed an ""A-label"". All operations defined in the DNS protocol use A-labels exclusively. The Unicode form, which a user expects to be displayed, is termed a ""U-label"". The difference may be illustrated with the Hindi word for ""test"" — परीका — appearing here as a U-label would (in the Devanagari script). A special form of ""ASCII compatible encoding"" (abbreviated ACE) is applied to this to produce the corresponding A-label: xn--11b5bs1di. A domain name that only includes ASCII letters, digits, and hyphens is termed an ""LDH label"". Although the definitions of A-labels and LDH-labels overlap, a name consisting exclusively of LDH labels, such as""icann.org"" is not an IDN."