Reference LGR for script: Gujarati (Gujr) | lgr-second-level-gujarati-script-24jan24-en |
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This document is mechanically formatted from the above XML file for the LGR. It provides additional summary data and explanatory text. The XML file remains the sole normative specification of the LGR.
Date | 2024-01-24 |
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LGR Version | 2 (Second Level Reference LGR) |
Language | und-Gujr (Gujarati Script) |
Unicode Version | 11.0.0 |
Description
INSTRUCTIONS
- These instructions cover how to adopt an LGR based on this reference LGR for a given zone and how to prepare the file for deposit in the IANA Repository of IDN Practices.
- As described the IANA procedure
(https://www.iana.org/help/idn-repository-procedure)
an LGR MUST contain the following elements in its header:- Script or Language Designator (see below for guidance)
- Version Number (this must increase with each amendment to the LGR, even if the updates are limited to the header itself)
- Effective Date (the date at which the policy becomes applicable in operational use)
- Registry Contact Details (contact name, email address, and/or phone number)
- The following information is optional:
- Document creation date
- Applicable Domain(s)
- Changes made to the Reference LGR before adopting
Please add or modify the following items in the XML source code for this file before
depositing the document in the IANA Repository.
(https://www.iana.org/domains/idn-tables)
Meta Data
Note: version numbers start at 1. RFC 7940 recommends using simple integers. The version comment is optional, please replace or delete the default comment. Version comments may be used by some tools as part of the page header.
<version comment="
[Please replace (or delete) the optional comment]">
[Please fill in version number, starting at 1]</version>
<date>
[Please fill in with publication date, in YYYY-MM-DD format]</date>
<validity-start>
[Please fill in effective date, in YYYY-MM-DD format]</validity-start>
Note: the scope element may be repeated, so that the same document can serve for multiple domains.
<scope type="domain">
[Please provide, in ".domain" format]</scope>
Registry Contact Information:
Please fill in the Registry Contact Details.
Change History
If you made technical modifications to the LGR, please summarize them in the Change History (and also note the details in the appropriate section of the description).
PLEASE DELETE THESE INSTRUCTIONS BEFORE DEPOSITING THE DOCUMENT
Registry Contact Details
- Contact Name: [Please fill in Contact Name]
- Email address: [Please fill in Email address]
- Phone Number: [Please fill in optional Phone Number]
Label Generation Rules for the Gujarati Script
Overview
This document specifies a set of Label Generation Rules (LGR) for the Gujarati script for the second level domain or domains identified above. The starting point for the development of this LGR can be found in the related Root Zone LGR [RZ-LGR-Gujr]. The format of this file follows [RFC 7940]. This LGR is adapted from the “Reference LGR for the Second Level for the Gujarati Script” [Ref-LGR-und-Gujr], for details, see Change History below.
For details and additional background on the Gujarati script, see “Proposal for a Gujarati Script Label Generation Ruleset for the Root Zone" [Proposal-Gujarati].
Repertoire
This LGR contains 65 code points for letters covering multiple languages written using the Gujarati script and ranging from 1 to 4 on the [EGIDS] scale. The repertoire is a subset of [Unicode 11.0.0]. For details, see Section 5, “Repertoire” in [Proposal-Gujarati]. (The proposal cited has been adopted for the Gujarati script portion of the Root Zone LGR.)
For the second level, the repertoire has been augmented with the Gujarati digits, U+0AR6 to U+0AEF ૯, ASCII digits U+0030 0 to U+0039 9, and U+002D - HYPHEN-MINUS, for a total of 86 repertoire elements.
Any code points outside the Gujarati Script repertoire that are targets for out-of-repertoire variants would be included here only if the variant is listed in this file. In this case they are identified as a reflexive (identity) variant of type “out-of-repertoire-var”. Whether or not they are listed, they do not form part of the repertoire.
Repertoire Listing: Each code point or range is tagged with the script or scripts with which the code point is used, one or more tag values denoting character category, and one or more references documenting sufficient justification for inclusion in the repertoire, see “References” below.
Variants
The variants defined in this LGR are limited to those required for use in zones not shared with any other script. However, because it does not share cross-script variants with other script LGRs, this LGR can be mixed easily with other LGRs in the same zone.
This LGR defines no variants for letters. For details, see Section 6, “Variants” in [Proposal-Gujarati].
Digit Variants: All Gujarati digits are treated as semantic variants of the corresponding common (ASCII) digits. By transitivity, they are also semantic variants of any native digits in scripts that also include the common digits. Such variant relations are deemed to exist implicitly by transitivity but are not listed explicitly in each reference LGR. Instead, if needed, they are applied by using the Common LGR in label processing.
In particular, Gujarati digit ZERO is a cross-script homoglyph or near homoglyph of digit ZERO in many other scripts; these are already implicit semantic variants by transitivity and therefore not listed here.
Some Gujarati letters share forms with digits: U+0AB0 ર GUJARATI LETTER RA is a homoglyph variant of U+0aE8 ૨ GUJARATI DIGIT TWO. U+0AAA પ GUJARATI LETTER PA is a homoglyph variant of U+0AEB ૫ GUJARATI DIGIT FIVE. By transitivity, the ASCII digits TWO and FIVE are also variants of the respective letters, and so are all other corresponding native digits TWO and FIVE, even though not explicitly listed here.
To keep digit variant sets manageable in zones where multiple scripts are present, no attempt has been made at identifying cross-script variants among digits of different numeric value or between a digit in one script and a letter in another, such as between digit zero and Latin letter ‘o’. Other mechanisms may be required to prevent homograph labels.
Variant Disposition: All variants are of type “blocked”, making labels that differ only by these variants mutually exclusive: whichever label containing either of these variants is chosen earlier would be delegated, while any other equivalent labels should be blocked. There is no preference among these labels.
This LGR does not define allocatable variants.
The specification of variants in this LGR follows the guidelines in [RFC 8228].
Character Classes
Gujarati is an alphasyllabary and the heart of the writing system is the akshar. This is the unit which is instinctively recognized by users of the script. As encoded, the writing system of Gujarati is composed of Consonants, the Implicit Vowel Killer: Halant, Vowels, Anusvara, Candrabindu, Nukta, Visarga and Avagraha.
Consonants: Gujarati consonants contain an implicit vowel schwa /ə/. The traditional classification categorizes them according to their phonetic properties. There are 5 Varga groups (classes) and one non-Varga group. Each varga, which corresponds to a particular stop, contains five consonants classified as per their properties. The first four consonants are classified on the basis of Voicing and Aspiration and the last is the corresponding nasal. More details in Section 3.4.1, “The Consonants” of the [Proposal-Gujarati].
Halant: All consonants contain the implicit vowel (schwa). A special sign is needed to denote that this implicit vowel is stripped off. This is known as the Halant (્). The Halant thus joins two consonants and creates conjuncts, which generally combine 2 to 4 consonants. In rare cases the Halant can join up to 5 consonants. More details in Section 3.4.2, “The Implicit Vowel Killer: Halant” in [Proposal-Gujarati].
Vowels and Matras: Separate symbols exist for all Vowels, which are either pronounced independently at the beginning or attached to a consonant. To indicate the latter (other than the implicit one), a Vowel modifier (matra) is attached to the consonant. Since the consonant has a built-in schwa, there are equivalent Matras for all vowels excepting the અ (U+0A85). More details in Section 3.4.3, “Vowels” in [Proposal-Gujarati].
Anusvara: In Gujarati, the Anusvara has a dual function. On the one hand, it acts as homorganic nasal, that is, it replaces a conjunct group of a Nasal Consonant+Halant+Consonant belonging to that particular varga. On the other hand, before a non-varga consonant the anusvara represents a nasal sound. Gujarati and its dialects prefer the anusvara to the corresponding half-nasal. More details in Section 3.4.4, “The Anusvara” in [Proposal-Gujarati].
Nukta: Traditionally Gujarati does not admit the Nukta. Gujarati grammarians in their inventory of the Gujarati alphabet do not admit this diacritic. However, the Nukta is used to represent content where Perso-Arabic characters have to be transliterated. It follows specific consonants listed in set C1. More details in Section 3.4.6, “Nukta” in [Proposal-Gujarati].
Visarga and Avagraha: The Visarga is frequently used in Sanskrit and represents a sound very close to /h/, as in દુઃખ /du:kh/ sorrow, unhappiness. It is used sparingly in Gujarati with a few words borrowed from Sanskrit. The Avagraha is rarely used and excluded from the LGR. More details in Section 3.4.7, “Visarga and Avagraha” in [Proposal-Gujarati].
Common Digits: U+0030 0 to U+0039 9 are the set of digits from the ASCII range.
Gujarati Digits: U+0AE6 ૦ to U+0AEF ૯ are a set of Gujarati-specific digits.
Whole Label Evaluation (WLE) and Context Rules
Common Rules
The LGR includes the rules and actions to implement the following restrictions, some of which are mandated by the IDNA protocol. They are marked with ⍟ and included here by default.
- Hyphen Restrictions — restrictions on the allowable placement of hyphens (no leading/ending hyphen and no hyphen in positions 3 and 4). These restrictions are described in Section 4.2.3.1 of RFC 5891 [150]. They are implemented here as context rule on U+002D (-) HYPHEN-MINUS.
- Leading Combining Marks — restrictions on the allowable placement of combining marks (no leading combining mark). This rule is described in Section 4.2.3.2 of RFC 5891 [150].
- Digit-mixing — no mixing between different digit sets (European and Gujarati digits) is allowed; implemented here as a WLE rule with associated action.
Default Actions
This LGR includes the complete set default actions for LGRs as well as the action needed to invalidate labels with misplaced combining marks. They are marked with ⍟. For a description see [RFC 7940] and [150]. An additional action is triggered by mixed digit labels.
Gujarati-specific Rules
These rules have been drafted to ensure that the prospective Gujarati label conforms to akshar formation norms as desired in Gujarati script. These norms are exclusively presented as context rules.
The following symbols are used in the WLE rules:
C → Consonant
M → Matra
V → Vowel
B → Anusvara
X → Visarga
H → Halant/Virama
N → Nukta
C1 → Consonants used with Nukta
The rules are:
- 1. N: must be preceded by any of the specific set of Consonants (C1)
- 2. H: must be preceded either by C or N
- 3. X: must be preceded by any of V, C, N or M
- 4. B: must be preceded by any of V, C, N or M
- 5. M: must be preceded either by C or N
More details in Section 7,"Whole Label Evaluation Rules (WLE)" in [Proposal-Gujarati].
Methodology and Contributors
The LGR in this document has been adapted from the corresponding Reference LGR for the Second Level. The Second Level Reference LGR for the Gujarati Script was developed by Michel Suignard and Asmus Freytag, based on the Root Zone LGR for the Gujarati script and information contained or referenced therein; see [RZ-LGR-Gujr]. Suitable extensions for the second level have been applied according to the [Guidelines] and with community input. The original proposal for a Root Zone LGR for the Gujarati script, that this reference LGR is based on, was developed by the Neo-Brahmi Generation Panel (NBGP). For more information on methodology and contributors to the underlying Root Zone LGR, see Sections 4 and 8 in [Proposal-Gujarati], as well as [RZ-LGR-Overview].
Changes from Version Dated 15 December 2020
Unicode Version has been updated.
Changes from Version Dated 24 January 2024
Adopted from the Second Level Reference LGR for the Gujarati Script [Ref-LGR-und-Gujr] without normative changes.
References
The following general references are cited in this document:
- [EGIDS]
- Lewis and Simons, “EGIDS: Expanded Graded Intergenerational Disruption Scale,”
documented in [SIL-Ethnologue] and summarized here:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Expanded_Graded_Intergenerational_Disruption_Scale_(EGIDS) - [Guidelines]
- ICANN, “Guidelines for Developing Reference LGRs for the Second Level”, (Los Angeles, California: ICANN, 27 May 2020),
https://www.icann.org/en/system/files/files/lgr-guidelines-second-level-27may20-en.pdf - [Level-2-Overview]
- Internet Corporation for Assigned Names and Numbers, (ICANN),“Reference Label Generation Rules (LGR) for the Second Level: Overview and Summary” (PDF),
(Los Angeles, California: ICANN, 24 January 2024),
https://www.icann.org/en/system/files/files/level2-lgr-overview-summary-24jan24-en.pdf - [Proposal-Gujarati]
- Neo-Brahmi Generation Panel, “Proposal for a Gujarati Script Root Zone Label Generation Ruleset (LGR)”, 6 March 2019,
https://www.icann.org/en/system/files/files/proposal-gujarati-lgr-06mar19-en.pdf - [RFC 7940]
- Davies, K. and A. Freytag, “Representing Label Generation Rulesets Using XML”,
RFC 7940, August 2016,
https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc7940 - [RFC 8228]
- A. Freytag, “Guidance on Designing Label Generation Rulesets (LGRs) Supporting Variant Labels”, RFC 8228, August 2017,
https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc8228 - [Ref-LGR-und-Gujr]
- ICANN, Second Level Reference Label Generation Rules for the Gujarati Script (und-Gujr), 24 January 2024 (XML)
https://www.icann.org/sites/default/files/packages/lgr/lgr-second-level-gujarati-script-24jan24-en.xml
non-normative HTML presentation:
https://www.icann.org/sites/default/files/packages/lgr/lgr-second-level-gujarati-script-24jan24-en.html - [RZ-LGR-Overview]
- Integration Panel, “Root Zone Label Generation Rules (RZ LGR-5): Overview and Summary”, 26 May 2022 (PDF),
https://www.icann.org/sites/default/files/lgr/rz-lgr-5-overview-26may22-en.pdf - [RZ-LGR-Gujr]
- ICANN, Root Zone Label Generation Rules for the Gujarati Script (und-Gujr), 26 May 2022 (XML)
https://www.icann.org/sites/default/files/lgr/rz-lgr-5-gujarati-script-26may22-en.xml - [SIL-Ethnologue]
- David M. Eberhard, Gary F. Simons & Charles D. Fennig (eds.). 2021.
Ethnologue: Languages of the World, Twenty fourth edition. Dallas, Texas: SIL
International. Online version available as
https://www.ethnologue.com - [Unicode 11.0.0]
- The Unicode Consortium. The Unicode Standard, Version 11.0.0, (Mountain View, CA: The Unicode Consortium, 2018. ISBN 978-1-936213-19-1)
https://www.unicode.org/versions/Unicode11.0.0/
For references consulted particularly in designing the repertoire for the Gujarati Script for the second level please see details in the Table of References below.
Reference [0] refers to the Unicode Standard version in which the corresponding code points were initially encoded. Reference [101] corresponds to a source justifying the inclusion of the corresponding code points. Entries in the table may have multiple source reference values. In the listing of whole label evaluation and context rules, reference [150] indicates the source for common rules.
Repertoire
Repertoire Summary
Number of elements in repertoire | 86 | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Number of code points for each script |
|
||||
Longest code point sequence | 1 |
Repertoire by Code Point
The following table lists the repertoire by code point (or code point sequence). The data in the Script and Name column are extracted from the Unicode character database. Where a comment in the original LGR is equal to the character name, it has been suppressed.
For any code point or sequence for which a variant is defined, additional information is provided in the Variants column. See also the legend provided below the table.
Code Point |
Glyph | Script | Name | Ref | Tags | Required Context | Variants | Comment |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
U+002D | - | Common | HYPHEN-MINUS | [0] | not: hyphen-minus-disallowed | ⍟ | ||
U+0030 | 0 | Common | DIGIT ZERO | [0] | Common-digit | set 1 | ⍟ | |
U+0031 | 1 | Common | DIGIT ONE | [0] | Common-digit | set 2 | ⍟ | |
U+0032 | 2 | Common | DIGIT TWO | [0] | Common-digit | set 3 | ⍟ | |
U+0033 | 3 | Common | DIGIT THREE | [0] | Common-digit | set 4 | ⍟ | |
U+0034 | 4 | Common | DIGIT FOUR | [0] | Common-digit | set 5 | ⍟ | |
U+0035 | 5 | Common | DIGIT FIVE | [0] | Common-digit | set 6 | ⍟ | |
U+0036 | 6 | Common | DIGIT SIX | [0] | Common-digit | set 7 | ⍟ | |
U+0037 | 7 | Common | DIGIT SEVEN | [0] | Common-digit | set 8 | ⍟ | |
U+0038 | 8 | Common | DIGIT EIGHT | [0] | Common-digit | set 9 | ⍟ | |
U+0039 | 9 | Common | DIGIT NINE | [0] | Common-digit | set 10 | ⍟ | |
U+0A82 | ં | Gujarati | GUJARATI SIGN ANUSVARA | [0], [101] | Anusvara | follows-V-C-N-or-M | ||
U+0A83 | ઃ | Gujarati | GUJARATI SIGN VISARGA | [0], [101] | Visarga | follows-V-C-N-or-M | ||
U+0A85 | અ | Gujarati | GUJARATI LETTER A | [0], [101] | Vowel | |||
U+0A86 | આ | Gujarati | GUJARATI LETTER AA | [0], [101] | Vowel | |||
U+0A87 | ઇ | Gujarati | GUJARATI LETTER I | [0], [101] | Vowel | |||
U+0A88 | ઈ | Gujarati | GUJARATI LETTER II | [0], [101] | Vowel | |||
U+0A89 | ઉ | Gujarati | GUJARATI LETTER U | [0], [101] | Vowel | |||
U+0A8A | ઊ | Gujarati | GUJARATI LETTER UU | [0], [101] | Vowel | |||
U+0A8B | ઋ | Gujarati | GUJARATI LETTER VOCALIC R | [0], [101] | Vowel | |||
U+0A8C | ઌ | Gujarati | GUJARATI LETTER VOCALIC L | [6], [101] | Vowel | |||
U+0A8D | ઍ | Gujarati | GUJARATI VOWEL CANDRA E | [0], [101] | Vowel | |||
U+0A8F | એ | Gujarati | GUJARATI LETTER E | [0], [101] | Vowel | |||
U+0A90 | ઐ | Gujarati | GUJARATI LETTER AI | [0], [101] | Vowel | |||
U+0A91 | ઑ | Gujarati | GUJARATI VOWEL CANDRA O | [0], [101] | Vowel | |||
U+0A93 | ઓ | Gujarati | GUJARATI LETTER O | [0], [101] | Vowel | |||
U+0A94 | ઔ | Gujarati | GUJARATI LETTER AU | [0], [101] | Vowel | |||
U+0A95 | ક | Gujarati | GUJARATI LETTER KA | [0], [101] | C1, Consonant | |||
U+0A96 | ખ | Gujarati | GUJARATI LETTER KHA | [0], [101] | C1, Consonant | |||
U+0A97 | ગ | Gujarati | GUJARATI LETTER GA | [0], [101] | C1, Consonant | |||
U+0A98 | ઘ | Gujarati | GUJARATI LETTER GHA | [0], [101] | Consonant | |||
U+0A99 | ઙ | Gujarati | GUJARATI LETTER NGA | [0], [101] | Consonant | |||
U+0A9A | ચ | Gujarati | GUJARATI LETTER CA | [0], [101] | Consonant | |||
U+0A9B | છ | Gujarati | GUJARATI LETTER CHA | [0], [101] | Consonant | |||
U+0A9C | જ | Gujarati | GUJARATI LETTER JA | [0], [101] | C1, Consonant | |||
U+0A9D | ઝ | Gujarati | GUJARATI LETTER JHA | [0], [101] | Consonant | |||
U+0A9E | ઞ | Gujarati | GUJARATI LETTER NYA | [0], [101] | Consonant | |||
U+0A9F | ટ | Gujarati | GUJARATI LETTER TTA | [0], [101] | Consonant | |||
U+0AA0 | ઠ | Gujarati | GUJARATI LETTER TTHA | [0], [101] | Consonant | |||
U+0AA1 | ડ | Gujarati | GUJARATI LETTER DDA | [0], [101] | Consonant | |||
U+0AA2 | ઢ | Gujarati | GUJARATI LETTER DDHA | [0], [101] | Consonant | |||
U+0AA3 | ણ | Gujarati | GUJARATI LETTER NNA | [0], [101] | Consonant | |||
U+0AA4 | ત | Gujarati | GUJARATI LETTER TA | [0], [101] | Consonant | |||
U+0AA5 | થ | Gujarati | GUJARATI LETTER THA | [0], [101] | Consonant | |||
U+0AA6 | દ | Gujarati | GUJARATI LETTER DA | [0], [101] | Consonant | |||
U+0AA7 | ધ | Gujarati | GUJARATI LETTER DHA | [0], [101] | Consonant | |||
U+0AA8 | ન | Gujarati | GUJARATI LETTER NA | [0], [101] | Consonant | |||
U+0AAA | પ | Gujarati | GUJARATI LETTER PA | [0], [101] | Consonant | set 6 | ||
U+0AAB | ફ | Gujarati | GUJARATI LETTER PHA | [0], [101] | C1, Consonant | |||
U+0AAC | બ | Gujarati | GUJARATI LETTER BA | [0], [101] | Consonant | |||
U+0AAD | ભ | Gujarati | GUJARATI LETTER BHA | [0], [101] | Consonant | |||
U+0AAE | મ | Gujarati | GUJARATI LETTER MA | [0], [101] | Consonant | |||
U+0AAF | ય | Gujarati | GUJARATI LETTER YA | [0], [101] | Consonant | |||
U+0AB0 | ર | Gujarati | GUJARATI LETTER RA | [0], [101] | Consonant | set 3 | ||
U+0AB2 | લ | Gujarati | GUJARATI LETTER LA | [0], [101] | Consonant | |||
U+0AB3 | ળ | Gujarati | GUJARATI LETTER LLA | [0], [101] | Consonant | |||
U+0AB5 | વ | Gujarati | GUJARATI LETTER VA | [0], [101] | Consonant | |||
U+0AB6 | શ | Gujarati | GUJARATI LETTER SHA | [0], [101] | Consonant | |||
U+0AB7 | ષ | Gujarati | GUJARATI LETTER SSA | [0], [101] | Consonant | |||
U+0AB8 | સ | Gujarati | GUJARATI LETTER SA | [0], [101] | Consonant | |||
U+0AB9 | હ | Gujarati | GUJARATI LETTER HA | [0], [101] | Consonant | |||
U+0ABC | ઼ | Gujarati | GUJARATI SIGN NUKTA | [0], [101] | Nukta | follows-specific-C | ||
U+0ABE | ા | Gujarati | GUJARATI VOWEL SIGN AA | [0], [101] | Matra | follows-C-or-N | ||
U+0ABF | િ | Gujarati | GUJARATI VOWEL SIGN I | [0], [101] | Matra | follows-C-or-N | ||
U+0AC0 | ી | Gujarati | GUJARATI VOWEL SIGN II | [0], [101] | Matra | follows-C-or-N | ||
U+0AC1 | ુ | Gujarati | GUJARATI VOWEL SIGN U | [0], [101] | Matra | follows-C-or-N | ||
U+0AC2 | ૂ | Gujarati | GUJARATI VOWEL SIGN UU | [0], [101] | Matra | follows-C-or-N | ||
U+0AC3 | ૃ | Gujarati | GUJARATI VOWEL SIGN VOCALIC R | [0], [101] | Matra | follows-C-or-N | ||
U+0AC4 | ૄ | Gujarati | GUJARATI VOWEL SIGN VOCALIC RR | [0], [101] | Matra | follows-C-or-N | ||
U+0AC5 | ૅ | Gujarati | GUJARATI VOWEL SIGN CANDRA E | [0], [101] | Matra | follows-C-or-N | ||
U+0AC7 | ે | Gujarati | GUJARATI VOWEL SIGN E | [0], [101] | Matra | follows-C-or-N | ||
U+0AC8 | ૈ | Gujarati | GUJARATI VOWEL SIGN AI | [0], [101] | Matra | follows-C-or-N | ||
U+0AC9 | ૉ | Gujarati | GUJARATI VOWEL SIGN CANDRA O | [0], [101] | Matra | follows-C-or-N | ||
U+0ACB | ો | Gujarati | GUJARATI VOWEL SIGN O | [0], [101] | Matra | follows-C-or-N | ||
U+0ACC | ૌ | Gujarati | GUJARATI VOWEL SIGN AU | [0], [101] | Matra | follows-C-or-N | ||
U+0ACD | ્ | Gujarati | GUJARATI SIGN VIRAMA | [0], [101] | Halant | follows-C-or-N | ||
U+0AE6 | ૦ | Gujarati | GUJARATI DIGIT ZERO | [0] | Gujarati-digit | set 1 | ||
U+0AE7 | ૧ | Gujarati | GUJARATI DIGIT ONE | [0] | Gujarati-digit | set 2 | ||
U+0AE8 | ૨ | Gujarati | GUJARATI DIGIT TWO | [0] | Gujarati-digit | set 3 | ||
U+0AE9 | ૩ | Gujarati | GUJARATI DIGIT THREE | [0] | Gujarati-digit | set 4 | ||
U+0AEA | ૪ | Gujarati | GUJARATI DIGIT FOUR | [0] | Gujarati-digit | set 5 | ||
U+0AEB | ૫ | Gujarati | GUJARATI DIGIT FIVE | [0] | Gujarati-digit | set 6 | ||
U+0AEC | ૬ | Gujarati | GUJARATI DIGIT SIX | [0] | Gujarati-digit | set 7 | ||
U+0AED | ૭ | Gujarati | GUJARATI DIGIT SEVEN | [0] | Gujarati-digit | set 8 | ||
U+0AEE | ૮ | Gujarati | GUJARATI DIGIT EIGHT | [0] | Gujarati-digit | set 9 | ||
U+0AEF | ૯ | Gujarati | GUJARATI DIGIT NINE | [0] | Gujarati-digit | set 10 |
Legend
- Code Point
- A code point or code point sequence.
- Glyph
- The shape displayed depends on the fonts available to your browser.
- Script
- Shows the script property value from the Unicode Character Database. Combining marks may have the value Inherited and code points used with more than one script may have the value Common.
- Name
- Shows the character or sequence name from the Unicode Character Database.
- Ref
- Links to the references associated with the code point or sequence, if any.
- Tags
- LGR-defined tag values. Any tags matching the Unicode script property are suppressed in this view.
- Required Context
- Link to a rule defining the required context a code point or sequence must satisfy. If prefixed by “not:” identifies a context that must not occur.
- Variants
- Link to the variant set the code point or sequence is a member of, except where a coded point or sequence maps only to itself, in which case the type of that mapping is listed.
- Comment
- The comment as given in the XML file. However, if the comment for this row consists only of the code point or sequence name, it is suppressed in this view. By convention, comments starting with “=” denote an alias. If present, the symbol ⍟ marks a default item shared among a set of LGRs.
Variants
Variant Set Summary
Number of variant sets | 10 | |
---|---|---|
Largest variant set | 3 | |
Variants by Type |
|
Variant Sets
The following tables list all variant sets defined in this LGR, except for singleton sets. Each table lists all variant mapping pairs of the set; one per row. Mappings are assumed to be symmetric: each row documents both forward (→) and reverse (←) mapping directions. In each table, the mappings are sorted by Source value in ascending code point order; shading is used to group mappings from the same source code point or sequence.
Where the type of both forward and reverse mappings are the same, a single value is given in the Type column; otherwise the types for forward and reverse mappings, as well as comments and references, are listed above one another. For summary counts, both forward and reverse mappings are always counted separately.
In any LGR with variant specifications that are well behaved, all members within each variant set are defined as variants of each other; the mappings in each set are symmetric and transitive; and all variant sets are disjoint.
Common Legend
- Source
- By convention, the smaller of the two code points in a variant mapping pair.
- Target
- By convention, the larger of the two code points in a variant mapping pair.
- Glyph
- The shape displayed for source or target depends on the fonts available to your browser.
- → - forward
- Indicates that Type, Ref and Comment apply to the mapping from source to target.
- ← - reverse
- Indicates that Type, Ref and Comment apply to the reverse mapping from target to source.
- ↔ - both
- Indicates that Type, Ref and Comment apply to both forward and reverse mapping.
- Type
- The type of the variant mapping, including predefined variant types such as “allocatable” and “blocked”; or any that are defined specifically for this LGR.
- Ref
- One or more reference IDs (optional). A “/” separates references for reverse / forward mappings, if different.
- Comment
- A descriptive comment (optional). A “/” separates comments for reverse / forward mappings, if different.
Variant Set 1 — 2 Members
Source | Glyph | Target | Glyph | Type | Ref | Comment | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
0030 | 0 | 0AE6 | ૦ | ↔ | blocked | ASCII digit variant / Gujarati digit variant |
Variant Set 2 — 2 Members
Source | Glyph | Target | Glyph | Type | Ref | Comment | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
0031 | 1 | 0AE7 | ૧ | ↔ | blocked | ASCII digit variant / Gujarati digit variant |
Variant Set 3 — 3 Members
Source | Glyph | Target | Glyph | Type | Ref | Comment | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
0032 | 2 | 0AB0 | ર | ↔ | blocked | ASCII digit variant / Gujarati variant | |
0032 | 2 | 0AE8 | ૨ | ↔ | blocked | ASCII digit variant / Gujarati digit variant | |
0AB0 | ર | 0AE8 | ૨ | ↔ | blocked | Gujarati variant / Gujarati digit variant |
Variant Set 4 — 2 Members
Source | Glyph | Target | Glyph | Type | Ref | Comment | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
0033 | 3 | 0AE9 | ૩ | ↔ | blocked | ASCII digit variant / Gujarati digit variant |
Variant Set 5 — 2 Members
Source | Glyph | Target | Glyph | Type | Ref | Comment | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
0034 | 4 | 0AEA | ૪ | ↔ | blocked | ASCII digit variant / Gujarati digit variant |
Variant Set 6 — 3 Members
Source | Glyph | Target | Glyph | Type | Ref | Comment | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
0035 | 5 | 0AAA | પ | ↔ | blocked | ASCII digit variant / Gujarati variant | |
0035 | 5 | 0AEB | ૫ | ↔ | blocked | ASCII digit variant / Gujarati digit variant | |
0AAA | પ | 0AEB | ૫ | ↔ | blocked | Gujarati variant / Gujarati digit variant |
Variant Set 7 — 2 Members
Source | Glyph | Target | Glyph | Type | Ref | Comment | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
0036 | 6 | 0AEC | ૬ | ↔ | blocked | ASCII digit variant / Gujarati digit variant |
Variant Set 8 — 2 Members
Source | Glyph | Target | Glyph | Type | Ref | Comment | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
0037 | 7 | 0AED | ૭ | ↔ | blocked | ASCII digit variant / Gujarati digit variant |
Variant Set 9 — 2 Members
Source | Glyph | Target | Glyph | Type | Ref | Comment | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
0038 | 8 | 0AEE | ૮ | ↔ | blocked | ASCII digit variant / Gujarati digit variant |
Variant Set 10 — 2 Members
Source | Glyph | Target | Glyph | Type | Ref | Comment | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
0039 | 9 | 0AEF | ૯ | ↔ | blocked | ASCII digit variant / Gujarati digit variant |
Classes, Rules and Actions
Character Classes
Number of named classes | 7 |
---|---|
Implicit (except script) | 3 |
Implict defined by script tag | 2 |
The following table lists all named and implicit classes with their definition and a list of their members intersected with the current repertoire (for larger classes, this list is elided).
Name | Definition | Count | Members or Ranges | Ref | Comment |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
C | Tag=Consonant | 34 | {0A95-0AA8 0AAA-0AB0 0AB2-0AB3 0AB5-0AB9} | Any Gujarati consonant | |
V | Tag=Vowel | 14 | {0A85-0A8D 0A8F-0A91 0A93-0A94} | Any Gujarati vowel letter | |
M | Tag=Matra | 13 | {0ABE-0AC5 0AC7-0AC9 0ACB-0ACC} | Any Gujarati vowel sign | |
N | Tag=Nukta | 1 | {0ABC} | The Gujarati Nukta | |
C1 | Tag=C1 | 5 | {0A95-0A97 0A9C 0AAB} | Consonants used with Gujarati Nukta | |
common-digits | Tag=Common-digit | 10 | {0030-0039} | Digits from the ASCII range; ⍟ | |
gujarati-digits | Tag=Gujarati-digit | 10 | {0AE6-0AEF} | Gujarati digits | |
implicit | Tag=Anusvara | 1 | {0A82} | The character tagged as Anusvara | |
implicit | Tag=Halant | 1 | {0ACD} | The character tagged as Halant | |
implicit | Tag=Visarga | 1 | {0A83} | The character tagged as Visarga | |
implicit | Tag=sc:Gujr | 75 | {0A82-0A83 0A85-0A8D 0A8F-0A91 0A93-0AA8 0AAA-0AB0 0AB2-0AB3 0AB5-0AB9 0ABC 0ABE-0AC5 0AC7-0AC9 0ACB-0ACD 0AE6-0AEF} | Any character tagged as Gujarati | |
implicit | Tag=sc:Zyyy | 11 | {002D 0030-0039} | Any character tagged as Common |
Legend
- Members or Ranges
- Lists the members of the class as code points (xxx) or as ranges of code points (xxx-yyy). Any class too numerous to list in full is elided with "...".
- Tag=ttt
- A named or implicit class defined by all code points that share the given tag value (ttt).
- Implicit
- An anonymous class implicitly defined based on tag value and for which there is no named equivalent.
Whole label evaluation and context rules
Number of rules | 6 |
---|---|
Used to trigger actions | 2 |
Used as context rule (C) | 4 |
Anchored context rules | 4 |
The following table lists all named rules defined in the LGR and indicates whether they are used as trigger in an action or as context (when or not-when) for a code point or variant.
Name | Regular Expression | Used as Trigger |
Anchor | Used as Context |
Ref | Comment |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
leading-combining-mark | (start)[[\p{gc=Mn}] ∪ [\p{gc=Mc}]] |
✔ | [150] | RFC 5891 restrictions on placement of combining marks ⍟ | ||
hyphen-minus-disallowed | (((start))← ⚓︎)|(⚓︎ →((end)))|(((start)..\u002D)← ⚓︎) |
✔ | C | [150] | RFC 5891 restrictions on placement of U+002D - ⍟ | |
follows-specific-C | ([:C1:])← ⚓︎ |
✔ | C | Section 7, WLE 1: N must be preceded by a specific set of Cs | ||
follows-C-or-N | ([:C:]|[:N:])← ⚓︎ |
✔ | C | Section 7, WLE 2: Halant must be preceded by C or N; WLE 5: M: must be preceded by C or N | ||
follows-V-C-N-or-M | ([:V:]|[:C:]|[:N:]|[:M:])← ⚓︎ |
✔ | C | Section 7, WLE 3 and WLE 4: Visarga and Anusvara must be preceded by V, C, N or M | ||
digit-mixing | ([:common-digits:].*[:gujarati-digits:])|([:gujarati-digits:].*[:common-digits:]) |
✔ | restrictions on mixing digits |
Legend
- Used as Trigger
- This rule triggers one of the actions listed below.
- Used as Context
- This rule defines a required or prohibited context for a code point C or variant V.
- Anchor
- This rule has a placeholder for the code point for which it is evaluated.
- Regular Expression
- A regular expression equivalent to the rule, shown in a modified notation as noted:
- ⚓︎ - context anchor
- Placeholder for the actual code point when a context is evaluated. The code point must occur at the position corresponding to the anchor. Rules containing an anchor cannot be used as triggers.
- (...)← - look-behind
- If present encloses required context preceding the anchor.
- →(..) - look-ahead
- If present encloses required context following the anchor.
- ( ) - group
- An anonymous nested rule is used to group match operators.
- (... | ...) - choice
- When there is more than one alternative in a rule, the choices are separated by the alternation operator (...|...).
- start or end
- (start) matches the start of the label; (end) matches the end of the label.
- . - any code point
- . matches any code point.
- *, +, ?, {n,m} - count operators
- * indicates 0 or more, + indicates one or more, and ? indicates up to one instance. {n,m} indicates at least n and at most m instances.
- [: :] - named or implicit character set
- Reference to a named character set [:name:] or an implicit character set [:tag:]. A leading “^” before name or tag indicates the set complement.
- [\p{ }] - property
- Set of all characters matching a given value for a Unicode property [\p{prop=val}]. Note: uppercase “\P” defines the complement of a property set.
- ∪, ∩, ∖, ∆ - set operators
- Sets may be combined by set operators (∪ = union, ∩ = intersection, ∖ = difference, ∆ = symmetric difference).
- ⍟ - default rule
- Rules marked with ⍟ are included by default and may or may not be triggered by any possible label under this LGR.
Actions
The following table lists the actions that are used to assign dispositions to labels and variant labels based on the specified conditions. The order of actions defines their precedence: the first action triggered by a label is the one defining its disposition.
# | Condition | Rule / Variant Set | Disposition | Ref | Comment | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | if label matches | leading-combining-mark | → | invalid | [150] | labels with leading combining marks are invalid ⍟ |
2 | if label matches | digit-mixing | → | invalid | a label violating the restriction on digit mixing is invalid | |
3 | if at least one variant is in | {out-of-repertoire-var} | → | invalid | any variant label with a code point out of repertoire is invalid ⍟ | |
4 | if at least one variant is in | {blocked} | → | blocked | any variant label containing blocked variants is blocked ⍟ | |
5 | if each variant is in | {allocatable} | → | allocatable | variant labels with all variants allocatable are allocatable ⍟ | |
6 | if any label (catch-all) | → | valid | catch all (default action) ⍟ |
Legend
- {...} - variant type set
- In the “Rule/Variant Set” column, the notation {...} means a set of variant types.
- ⍟ - default action
- Actions marked with ⍟ are included by default and may or may not be triggered by any possible label under this LGR.
Note: The following variant types are used in one or more actions, but are not defined in this LGR: allocatable, out-of-repertoire-var. This is not necessarily an error.
Table of References
The following lists the references cited for specific code points, variants, classes, rules or actions in this LGR. For General references refer to the References section in the Description.
[0] | The Unicode Standard, Version 1.1 Any code point originally encoded in Unicode 1.1 |
[6] | The Unicode Standard, Version 4.0 Any code point originally encoded in Unicode 4.0 |
[101] | Omniglot, "Gujarati", https://www.omniglot.com/writing/gujarati.htm (Accessed on 6 Jan. 2018) |
[150] | RFC 5891, Internationalized Domain Names in Applications (IDNA): Protocol https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc5891 |